量子技术在能源与公用事业领域的应用：能源转型的关键机遇（英文）.pdf

量子技术在能源与公用事业领域的应用：能源转型的关键机遇（英文）。The world is facing a tightening “energy trilemma”1 that requires reducing emissions while keeping energy reliable and affordable, in an environment shaped by geopolitical volatility and persistent uncertainty. Progress on transition indicators has continued, but unevenly and slower than required. Meanwhile, electricity demand is accelerating as economies digitize and artificial intelligence scales up, intensifying pressure on grids and bringing infrastructure upgrades, flexibility and security to the forefront of national agendas. Against this backdrop, the limits of conventional computation are becoming more visible. Renewableheavy power systems exhibit non-linear dynamics that are difficult to model with sufficient fidelity. Breakthroughs in batteries, catalysts, carbon capture and storage, and hydrogen rely on molecular interactions that are costly to simulate with classical methods. And across supply chains, trading and network operations, optimization problems grow combinatorially, where incremental improvements in solution quality or time-to-decision can translate into material operational and economic value.